{"id":11044,"date":"2023-12-19T10:03:15","date_gmt":"2023-12-19T07:03:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aviation-news.info\/?p=11044"},"modified":"2023-12-19T10:03:15","modified_gmt":"2023-12-19T07:03:15","slug":"opinion-aviation-flying-high-on-alternative-sources-of-power","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aviation-news.info\/?p=11044","title":{"rendered":"OPINION Aviation flying high on alternative sources of power"},"content":{"rendered":"

Air aviation news – November 28, 2023, was a landmark day for the international airline industry. It marked the first time a jet airliner powered by 100 percent sustainable aviation fuel<\/a>\u00a0flew from London to New York.<\/p>\n

The Virgin Atlantic flight, which carried no paying passengers but did have an airline executive, a politician and Virgin founder Sir Richard Branson onboard, flew using a fuel made up mostly of\u00a0waste fats and plant sugars<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Sustainable aviation fuel is one of the many alternative fuels and propulsion technologies being developed as the aviation industry moves toward net zero emissions by 2050.<\/p>\n

After electricity and heat, transport is the sector with the highest carbon dioxide (CO2)\u00a0emissions<\/a>. Aviation counts for\u00a02 percent<\/a>\u00a0of Co2 emissions globally.<\/p>\n

Aviation is crucial not only for global passenger movement but also global supply chains. While civil aviation nearly disappeared during the COVID-19 pandemic, cargo flights distributed much-needed disease controlling equipment and vaccines. The impact of fewer passenger flights was felt across supply chains as a lot of regular cargo is transported as belly capacity in passenger flights.<\/p>\n

Aviation bodies such as the\u00a0International Air Transport Association<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0International Civil Aviation Organization<\/a>\u00a0have committed to decarbonising the industry by 2050.<\/p>\n

There are many ways to tackle aviation emissions.<\/p>\n

New aircraft designs to reduce noise and pollution have been developed for decades. In recent years, however, new technologies for decarbonising aircraft have been emerging and accelerating.<\/p>\n

Sustainable aviation fuels to electric and hydrogen flight, as well as hybrids, are all being researched, designed, tested and commercialised.<\/p>\n

Airlines prefer sustainable fuel currently as it can be used in existing aircraft without alterations. But it is not the only long term solution as questions linger over emissions during its production, challenging supply chains, competition for sustainable produced\u00a0feedstock<\/a>\u00a0and worries about deforestation for cultivating feedstock for sustainable fuels.<\/p>\n

Sustainable fuels alone will not decarbonise aviation. Other solutions for a more sustainable way of flying are aircraft powered by electricity and hydrogen.<\/p>\n

Electric flying<\/h2>\n

Electric flying has made significant progress with, for example,\u00a0Pipistrel<\/a>\u00a0certifying the first fully electric aircraft, the Velis Electro in 2020. Drones for cargo, and in the future passenger transport, have been betting on electric propulsion as well.\u00a0Volocopter<\/a>, a fully electric powered drone for passenger transport, received approval for a production line in 2023.The main challenge for electric aircraft is range due to the limited capacity of batteries.<\/p>\n

Electric aircraft can be a solution for short-haul but will not decarbonise medium to long-haul flights. Other important factors to consider with electric aircraft are the production of renewable energies at scale and upgrades of the distribution grid especially in regional and remote areas.<\/p>\n

Lifecycle analyses are also needed to consider emissions for the whole life of an electric aircraft, which includes battery production and battery life to determine how much emissions can be reduced in comparison to traditional flight.<\/p>\n

Acknowledging the challenges around the short range of electric flight, numerous start-ups are moving to a hybrid model using hydrogen and electricity. Examples include\u00a0Dovetail Electric Aviation<\/a>\u00a0supported by regional airline Rex, and\u00a0ZeroAvia<\/a>\u00a0supported by big names such as\u00a0Airbus<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Others are looking at an all-hydrogen solution such as\u00a0Stralis<\/a>\u00a0by retrofitting existing aircraft but also designing a new aircraft that would cater for the medium-haul sector with an estimated entry into service in 2030 with a range of 3,000km. In the passenger drone sector, companies such as\u00a0AMSL Aero<\/a>\u00a0are also moving to a hybrid solution with ranges of up to 1,000km.<\/p>\n

Hydrogen<\/h2>\n

An all-hydrogen solution is promising as a long-term long-haul solution for civil aviation but has its own challenges. One is the increase of the size of fuel tanks due to hydrogen’s properties. This not only changes the aircraft designs but also comes with challenges at airports with limited space. Questions about supply chains and possible negative climate effects of contrails are other obstacles.<\/p>\n

It is not only the start-ups that are active in sustainable aviation. Manufacturers such as Airbus and Rolls Royce are also working towards more sustainable solutions. Airbus plans to have the first commercial\u00a0hydrogen-powered aircraft<\/a>\u00a0ready by 2035 and\u00a0Rolls Royce<\/a>\u00a0is actively working with partners such as budget carrier easyJet on hydrogen and hybrid propulsion.<\/p>\n

Commercial airlines such as easyJet, Air New Zealand and Rex have all made some headway into the market. Rex is an investor in Dovetail Electric Aviation, easyJet is working with Rolls Royce, and\u00a0Air New Zealand\u00a0<\/a>recently bought its first all-electric aircraft. Meanwhile,\u00a0Emirates<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0Qantas\u00a0<\/a>have established climate funds.<\/p>\n

Some of the main challenges with net zero aviation are the sustainable production of the fuel, understanding the lifecycle of emissions, understanding the effect on the climate of other emissions than Co2 and contrails, the limited ranges of electric powered flights, longer aircraft design due to large size hydrogen fuel tanks, infrastructure and sustainable supply chains of electricity and hydrogen especially to more regional and remote areas, high costs of new technology, and skilling up the workforce to work in these emerging fields.<\/p>\n

However, with aviation bodies, manufacturers, airlines and entrepreneurs working together on keeping the world moving, one may hope that flying on significantly reduced emissions will be a reality sooner than later.<\/p>\n

Dr. Mirjam Wiedemann is a lecturer and researcher at the School of Aviation at UNSW Sydney and managing director of WiedemannConsultants GmbH. Her work focuses on the Aerotropolis model, sustainable aviation and drones for regional economic development.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Originally published under\u00a0Creative Commons<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0360info<\/a>\u2122.<\/strong><\/p>\n

source: https:\/\/newsroom.unsw.edu.au\/news\/science-tech\/aviation-flying-high-alternative-sources-power<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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