{"id":11254,"date":"2023-12-28T11:50:18","date_gmt":"2023-12-28T08:50:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aviation-news.info\/?p=11254"},"modified":"2024-08-12T15:11:47","modified_gmt":"2024-08-12T12:11:47","slug":"firm-develops-jet-fuel-made-entirely-from-human-poo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aviation-news.info\/?p=11254","title":{"rendered":"Firm develops jet fuel made entirely from human poo"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Air aviation news- A new aviation company has developed a type of jet fuel made entirely from human sewage.<\/b><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Chemists at a lab in Gloucestershire have turned the waste into kerosene.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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James Hygate, Firefly Green Fuels CEO, said: “We wanted to find a really low-value feedstock that was highly abundant. And of course poo is abundant.”<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Independent tests by international aviation regulators found it was nearly identical to standard fossil jet fuel.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Firefly’s team worked with Cranfield University to examine the fuel’s life cycle carbon impact. It concluded that Firefly’s fuel has a 90% lower carbon footprint than standard jet fuel.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Mr Hygate, who has been developing low-carbon fuels in Gloucestershire for 20 years, said although the new fuel was chemically just like fossil-based kerosene, it “has no fossil carbon, it’s a fossil-free fuel”.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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“Of course energy would be used (in production), but when looking at the fuel’s life cycle, a 90% saving is mind-blowing, so yes, we have to use energy but it is much lower compared to the production of fossil fuels,” he added.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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\"James<\/picture><\/span><\/div>
Image caption,<\/span><\/p>\n
James Hygate said the new fuel is “hugely exciting”<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n
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Across the world, flying contributes around\u00a02% of global carbon emissions<\/a>, which contribute to climate change.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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It is a small fraction, but growing fast. And taking carbon out of aviation is one of the hardest challenges.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Electric planes are being developed, with a\u00a0company in the Cotswolds<\/a>\u00a0promising hydrogen-electric powered flights for a dozen passengers by 2026.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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But it will be years, decades maybe, before mass air travel will be powered by completely new technology.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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So finding new, greener ways to make kerosene without using fossil fuels has become a global gold rush.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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\"Dr<\/picture><\/span><\/div>
Image caption,<\/span><\/p>\n
Dr Sergio Lima has made kerosene, right, from sewage sludge, left.<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n
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On a small farm in Gloucestershire, Mr Hygate began turning rapeseed oil into\u00a0‘bio-diesel’ for cars and trucks<\/a>\u00a020 years ago.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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His company, Green Fuels, now sells equipment to turn cooking oil into biodiesel, and has clients all over the world.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Then he started looking for ways to make green jet fuel. They tried waste oils, waste food, even agricultural scraps.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Then they experimented on human waste.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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He teamed up with a chemist from Imperial College, London, Dr Sergio Lima.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Together, they developed a process which transforms poo into power.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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First, they create what they call “bio-crude”.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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It looks like oil: thick, black, gloopy. Most importantly, it behaves like crude oil chemically.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Dr Lima, who is also research director at Firefly Green Fuels, said: “What we are producing here is a fuel which is net zero.”<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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\"Bio<\/picture><\/span><\/div>
Image caption,<\/span><\/p>\n
The “bio-crude” acts just like crude oil, and can be converted into kerosene<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n
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When Dr Lima first saw the results, he was thrilled.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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“This is so exciting because it was produced from a sustainable feedstock, to which all of us are contributing.”<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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The scientist showed me round his lab, including a mini version of the huge fractional distillation columns that tower over oil refineries.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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His one does the same thing. The liquid is heated and then the gases are distilled at precise temperatures to obtain the right ‘cut’ for different fuel.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Drop by drop, a new clear liquid settles in the collection pipes.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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“This is our bio fuel,” he says with a smile.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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\"Sergio<\/picture><\/span><\/div>
Image caption,<\/span><\/p>\n
Sergio Lima uses a mini version of the distillation columns at oil refineries<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n
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“Seeing the final fuel is something amazing.”<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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The bio-kerosene is now being tested independently at the DLR Institute of Combustion Technology at the German Aerospace Center, working with Washington State University.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Further future testing will also be carried out by the UK SAF (Sustainable Aviation Fuels) clearing House, based at University of Sheffield.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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First results have confirmed the fuel has near-identical chemical composition to A1 fossil jet fuel.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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The UK Department of Transport has awarded the team a \u00a32m research grant.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Sustainable fuel ‘critical’ to decarbonise aviation<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
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So they can make a test tube of kerosene in the lab.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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That is a long way from replacing kerosene in the world’s airports.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Mr Hygate has done his maths. Each human, he calculates, makes enough sewage in a year to produce 4-5 litres of bio jet fuel.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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To fly a passenger jet from London to New York would need the annual sewage of 10,000 people.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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And another 10,000 to come back.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Put another way, the UK’s total sewage supply would meet about 5% of the country’s total aviation fuel demand.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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It may sound small, but he insists: “That’s pretty exciting.”<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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“There’s a 10% sustainable aviation fuel requirement, that’s a legal mandate. And we could meet half of that with poo.”<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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\"Virgin<\/picture><\/span><\/div>
Image caption,<\/span><\/p>\n
A Virgin Atlantic passenger jet was fuelled entirely with kerosene made from waste oils and corn waste<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n
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Fuel made from waste oils, corn oils or other non-fossil sources are called Sustainable Aviation Fuels.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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They emit the same amount of carbon dioxide from the aircraft, but since the plants that originally made the oil captured CO2 while they grow, experts consider this an 80-90% reduction on fossil fuel carbon emissions.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Environmental campaigners insist that people just need to fly less, and use crops for food or energy production, not making jet fuel.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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They are more supportive of the sewage-based fuel, because “human waste is perhaps the one form of rubbish that society really can’t avoid producing”, as Cait Hewitt, policy director of the Aviation Environment Federation put it.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Nonetheless, the\u00a0International Energy Agency<\/a>\u00a0has said Sustainable Aviation Fuels are “critical to decarbonising aviation”.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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To show what is possible, Sir Richard Branson\u00a0recently flew from London to New York<\/a>\u00a0on a flight entirely powered by fuel made from waste oils and corn waste products.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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But today only 0.1% of aviation fuel is “sustainable”.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Mr Hygate’s target of 5% looks quite big in comparison.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Also he is using a feedstock nobody else wants, but is universal.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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“Although it’s been developed here in the south west of the UK,” he says, “it’s a global opportunity”.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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The company is now raising funds to build a full-scale demonstrator factory in the UK.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Mr Hygate explained: “The opportunities in very populous cities are enormous. The amount of fuel we can create is huge.”<\/p>\n

source: https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/uk-england-gloucestershire-67771640<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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<\/picture><\/span><\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Air aviation news- A new aviation company has developed a type of jet fuel made entirely from human sewage. Chemists at a lab in Gloucestershire have turned the waste into kerosene. James Hygate, Firefly Green Fuels CEO, said: “We wanted to find a really low-value feedstock that was highly abundant. 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